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|a Methane and the greenhouse-gas footprint of natural gas from shale formations |h [electronic resource] |b A letter. |
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|a [S.l.] : |b Springer, |c 2011-04-12. |
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|a Climatic Change |b Letter. |
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|a Please contact the owning institution for licensing and permissions. It is the user's responsibility to ensure use does not violate any third party rights. |
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|a We evaluate the greenhouse gas footprint of natural gas obtained by highvolume
hydraulic fracturing from shale formations, focusing on methane emissions.
Natural gas is composed largely of methane, and 3.6% to 7.9% of the methane from
shale-gas production escapes to the atmosphere in venting and leaks over the lifetime
of a well. These methane emissions are at least 30% more than and perhaps
more than twice as great as those from conventional gas. The higher emissions from
shale gas occur at the time wells are hydraulically fractured—as methane escapes
from flow-back return fluids—and during drill out following the fracturing. Methane
is a powerful greenhouse gas, with a global warming potential that is far greater
than that of carbon dioxide, particularly over the time horizon of the first few
decades following emission. Methane contributes substantially to the greenhouse
gas footprint of shale gas on shorter time scales, dominating it on a 20-year time
horizon. The footprint for shale gas is greater than that for conventional gas or oil
when viewed on any time horizon, but particularly so over 20 years. Compared to
coal, the footprint of shale gas is at least 20% greater and perhaps more than twice
as great on the 20-year horizon and is comparable when compared over 100 years. |
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|a Electronic reproduction. |c Florida International University, |d 2015. |f (dpSobek) |n Mode of access: World Wide Web. |n System requirements: Internet connectivity; Web browser software. |
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|a dpSobek |c Sea Level Rise |
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|u http://dpanther.fiu.edu/dpService/dpPurlService/purl/FI15052582/00001 |y Click here for full text |
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|a http://dpanther.fiu.edu/sobek/content/FI/15/05/25/82/00001/FI15052582_thm.jpg |
