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|a Government Expenditures in Pre and Post-Disaster Risk Management |h [electronic resource] |y English. |
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|a [S.l.] : |b The World Bank, |c 2011. |
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|a Refer to main document/publisher for use rights. |
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|a De la Fuente, A. (2011). Government expenditures in pre and post-disaster risk management. The World Bank. |
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|a While governments, donors, and development agencies have stated commitments to shifting away from an emphasis on responding to disasters towards a focus on preventing disaster, their investments in reducing vulnerability and risk have paled in comparison to resources spent on humanitarian relief and reconstruction after disasters. The objective of this note by the Economics of Disaster Risk Reduction team (EDRR) within the Global Facility for Disaster Recovery and Reduction is to estimate how much was spent on pre-disaster risk management measures in contrast to post-disaster relief, recovery, and reconstruction measures over the period 1998-2008 in Mexico, Nepal, Colombia, and to a lesser extent, Indonesia. The countries that are used in this study are low and middle-income countries with high degrees of exposure to multiple hazards, both in terms of population and GDP in at-risk areas. Disaster-related expenditures were assessed based on each country’s disaster management framework and a number of country data sources. Pre-disaster expenditures included risk identification activities such as risk mapping and hazard assessments, mitigation in the form of structural works, risk transfer instruments like insurance, and preparedness activities, which include investment in early warning systems, and public training on awareness about risks. Post-disaster expenses refer to spending on emergency response activities such as search and rescue, and rehabilitation and reconstruction of homes, commercial establishments, and public buildings. Two significant trends appear from the analysis. The first finding was that post-disaster spending is greater than pre-disaster spending in all four countries in almost every year studied. From 1998 to 2008, the Mexican government spent nearly three times more resources coping with disasters than preventing or mitigating their potential effects. In Nepal, total ex-post investment was 43% higher than total ex-ante investments. Secondly, pre-disaster investments stay relatively stable while post-disaster spending tends to be volatile. The national budget allocation for disaster prevention and mitigation increased for all three countries in the last ten years at annual average rates of 22.08% in Colombia 16.13% in Mexico, and 7.44% in Nepal, suggesting that governmental authorities have increasingly become serious about addressing risks to disasters over the past decade. Post-disaster financing fluctuates greatly, based on whether a major disaster occurred during the year. In Mexico, post-disaster expenditures hit a record low in 2004, only to skyrocket the next year due to hurricanes Emily, Stan, and Wilma. |
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|a Disaster Risk Management |
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|a Electronic reproduction. |c Florida International University, |d 2013. |f (dpSobek) |n Mode of access: World Wide Web. |n System requirements: Internet connectivity; Web browser software. |
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|a Disaster respone and recovery. |
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|a de la Fuente, Alejandro. |
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|a Disaster Risk Reduction Program, Florida International University (DRR/FIU), |e summary contributor. |
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|u http://dpanther.fiu.edu/dpService/dpPurlService/purl/FI13042196/00001 |y Click here for full text |
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|a http://dpanther.fiu.edu/sobek/content/FI/13/04/21/96/00001/FI13042196_thm.jpg |
