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|a Natural disasters |h [electronic resource] |b what is the role for social safety nets? |y English. |
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|a Washington, DC : |b World Bank, |c 2011-02. |
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|a Book : |b Document : International government publication; |c Computer File; 142, [5] p. : digital, PDF file, ill., |
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|a SP Discussion papers |n 1102 |y English. |
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|a This publication is released under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. For full details of the license, please refer to the following: http://creative-commons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode |
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|a Pelham, L., Clay, E., & Braunholz, T. (2011). Natural disasters: what is the role for social safety nets? The World Bank. |
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|a This primer discusses the function that safety nets can play in the management of hazard risks both in preventing and mitigating potential impacts prior to a disaster, and assisting in recovery after one occurs. It presents the Social Risk Management (SRM) framework to policymakers who seek to design and implement effective safety net systems. The scale of disaster has been on the rise over the decades with the sheer number of people affected tripling between the 1970s and 1990s, while associated economic losses have grown fivefold. These events are fundamentally threatening to the economic well-being of the societies they occur in, leading to lost revenues, rising expenditures, and negative long-term impacts on economic growth and poverty reduction. The World Bank estimated that in the 1990s economic loss related to natural disasters represented between 2 and 15 percent of an affected country’s GDP. These trends convince the authors that disaster risk management must be thoroughly integrated into development planning, and that social protection has to be a central component of this process. The SRM framework presented shifts emphasis away from disaster risk to social risk, a perspective which views prevention and mitigation in terms of enabling potentially affected people to reduce their poverty and vulnerability in order to cope with disasters when they do occur. This document particularly focuses on social safety nets, which involve non-contributory transfers in cash or kind to targeted poor and vulnerable households. Safety nets are distinguishable from relief programs in that they have longer-term objectives and thus can be streamlined into development planning. An effectively designed safety net system looks at contextual factors that link disaster risk and poverty, including disaster type, the geographic and demographic characteristics of the affected, economic and social variables, infrastructure and human capacity, available resources, and the international setting. Case studies of Bangladesh and Ethiopia are used to highlight this process. The final section presents some guidelines for designing and implementing safety nets within a disaster mitigation framework. Safety nets must be molded to local contexts. Communities, particularly the most vulnerable, should be paramount in all phases of safety net design and implementation. This form of local involvement ensures long-term effectiveness and sustainability. In general, the authors call for more resources to be invested in monitoring and evaluating various safety net models, with the dissemination of lessons learned from successful safety nets as an objective. |
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|a Disaster Risk Management |
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|a Electronic reproduction. |c Florida International University, |d 2013. |f (dpSobek) |n Mode of access: World Wide Web. |n System requirements: Internet connectivity; Web browser software. |
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|a World Bank. Human Development Network. Social Protection Team.. |4 ctb |
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|a Disaster Risk Reduction Program, Florida International University (DRR/FIU), |e summary contributor. |
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|c Original |w (OCoLC)712067837 |
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|u http://dpanther.fiu.edu/dpService/dpPurlService/purl/FI13010975/00001 |y Click here for full text |
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|a http://dpanther.fiu.edu/sobek/content/FI/13/01/09/75/00001/FI13010975thm.jpg |
