Ongoing climate change (global warming) is a major forcing factor on Earth’s ecological services including agricultural production, biodiversity, and carbon cycle. Climatic regime and climate change is also a major driver of the dynamics of Earth’s geomorphological systems, including its glaciers, rivers, mountains and coasts, especially over longer (103– 105 year) time scales that correspond to climate forcing by orbital cycles. Many studies have considered how geomorphological systems have responded to climate forcing over long time scales, where system responses are approximately in phase with forcing (Lal 2004; Lowe et al. 2008). Over shorter time scales, however, geomorphological systems do not respond in phase with climate forcing, are affected by human (anthropogenic) activity, and yield nonlinear responses that cannot be fully predicted based on their previous behaviour (Perry 2002; Murray et al. 2009). The response of geomorphological systems to climate forcing can be examined by monitoring changes to their morphology and geomorphological processes during the recent past (last \150 years) for which instrumental climate data are available. This comparison allows for a more complete understanding of the relationship between climate forcing and geomorphological response.